How American Indians Have Adapted their Culture Since...

My essay will have an outlook of the history of the first Americans â€Å"Indians† and how they’ve adapted with their religion, subsistence strategy, social organization, and material culture. Over the years things have change in the history of Native Americans, prior to the reconstruction period, Native Americans knew who they were and what they lived for. Before the Europeans came and changed their living they one with nature and the land they’ve came to know. They believe that America was there’s and they lived free. In today’s history of Native Americans culture was founded in many ways, started in the mid 8200s B.C and before Christopher Columbus discovered America. Living in the Americas they were in touch with nature as well as their†¦show more content†¦Expansion was the cornerstone of their whole civilization, because their religion requested that a large number of human sacrifices where to be made. To get the sacrifices the Indian s went to war with other tribes to get these human sacrifices. With each conquest more sacrifices and more land was added to the Natives. The first Americans Also believed in Wakon,da a powerful god to them, whom they believed in, they believed that he created all things, made the land they also believed in life after death and immorality that made earthly life secure and pleasant; they expressed their feelings for nature as in peace and confidence. Different native religions evolved to match their needs and lifestyle Religious traditions of aboriginal people around the world tend to be heavily influenced by their methods of acquiring food, with great hunting skills or by agriculture. Native American spirituality is no exception. Traditional Wakon’da, spirituality is a form of religious belief that each thing, plant and animal has a spirit. The Native American spirituality has an inseparable connection between the spirituality and the culture. One cannot exist without the other. Before Europeans took over the land the Native Americans had their own laws, as they do know, but one of the most important laws was to respect and keep peace with others around them. The folk artShow MoreRelatedThe Native American Indian Population1293 Words   |  6 Pageschosen is the Native American population, also known as American Indian. Aside from the information given by this course, a Children’s Literature class taken at the Newark branch of the Ohio State University also contributed to my decision. During a lecture there was a guest speaker of Native American descent, she grew up on a reservation, and in her work she wrote and illustrated the Native American culture and lifestyle. Her lecture consisted of the perspective of the Native American population duringRead MoreThe Native Tribes Of The Great Plains And The Eastern Woodlands899 Words   |  4 PagesPlains and the Eastern Woodlands have surprisingly different adaptions and responses to their expansions by settlers; not only in their cultures, but in their subsistence, warfare, peacemaking, and gender roles as well. Both tribes were forced to adapt and change due to the overtaking on the European settlers, but both managed to do it in different ways. First, I will look at the tribes of the Great Plains. These nomadic tribes survived on hunting, and the great American Buffalo was their main sourceRead MoreHuman Adaptation Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagesand increase insulin resistance. However, this once beneficial trait has since caused complications among diabetes prevalent societies. 50% of the Pima Native American populations in southern Arizona have diabetes type II. 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Schaefer (2001) defines values a little more as â€Å"collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and proper – or bad, undesirable, and improper – in culture.† Conklin (1984) has this to say about values: â€Å"Values are abstract and shared ideas about what are desirable, good and correct – they represent the ideals of the culture† (as cited by PanopioRead MoreSpread of Islam in India1409 Words   |  6 Pagesestablishment of Islam in early period of India even though India was populated with indigenous religious beliefs. Islam is a monotheistic religion that was spread with bunch of beliefs and faiths after the Prophet Mohammad. 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Indigenous groups are more successful than afro-descendent groups in gaining collective rights and development aid fromRead More The Identity of a Puerto Rican Essay3173 Words   |  13 Pagesand navigated and explored, their aborigines had been thrust into the consciousness of European monarchs, philosophers, and scientists (17). The islands in the Caribbean might have some common historical patterns of conquest, slavery and the development of multi-cultural societies but each island has its own history, culture and identity. As part of the Caribbean, Puerto Rico can identify with some of the other Hispanic colonies but in reality the issues of ethnicity, race and nationality are uniqueRead MoreFilipino Culture4006 Words   |  17 Pa gesLiterature Earnestean Williams COUNS 504 Dr. Thomas, Jimletta Vareene May 14, 2010 Abstract The paper discusses Philippine and Filipino brief history of the life and times of the Filipino people in the Philippines. The values of Filipino culture have changed through emigration and immigration, as well as religiosity and spirituality, and because of coexisting and sometimes conflicting values . Details are given outlining the global Filipino diaspora in the 21st-century and highlightsRead MoreThe Adaptive Nature Of Canada3149 Words   |  13 Pagess First People The Canadian people have always prided themselves as champions of democracy and are universally respected for their record on human rights. Although holistically this could be argued, especially when compared to the United States and other Western states, the record concerning Aboriginals, both past and present, has yet to live up to their self-set standard. Defined simply as anyone who traces his/her ancestry back to pre-European colonization, there exist mass diversity within itsRead MoreGuns Germs and Steel Chapter Summary2530 Words   |  11 Pageswork in New Guinea.   His indigenous New Guinean politician friend Yali asked why whites had been so successful and arrived with so much cargo compared to the locals.   Diamond rephrases this question: why did white Eurasians dominate over other cultures by means of superior guns, population-destroying germs, steel, and food-producing capability?   Diamond’s main thesis is that this occurred not because of racial differe nces in intelligence, etc. but rather because of environmental differences.   He

The Scarlet Marxist Free Essays

There have been many critiques of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Some critiques are far-fetched. Some indict society’s views of religion and the guilt of women in the downfall of the human race. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Marxist or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, when taking a modern Marxist view of The Scarlet Letter, the scope of the entire novel takes a dramatic spin, not just for the characters Hawthorne utilizes to bring passions to light, but for society and its conventions used towards certain persons. When evaluating the characters of The Scarlet Letter, the characters represent a particular station and social structure within the time. According to Associated Content, Governor Bellingham is one who â€Å". . . free to stand tall as judge of right and wrong, good and bad, but seemingly never commits wrong himself. † (2009). This Marxist evaluation of Governor Bellingham may not make sense unless you apply it within the realm of Marxism as an indictment on the society and how the classes tend to be separated. Governor Bellingham would then represent those who are of affluence or those who are on the upper end of the economic ladder. This separation of the upper class from the other classes then allows Bellingham to make the judgments that he makes ue to his financial status within the community. Had Bellingham not had this type of financial influence, then he would not be allowed to make any kind of judgments on anyone. Bellingham’s position as governor gives him certain rights that ordinary citizens would not have. The position in society gives Bellingham a reason, whether good or bad, to hand down wha t he feels to be justice for all involved. The justice may not be beneficial but for a few. Yet, when looking at the classes, in Marxist theory, if it benefits the upper class, then it is a benefit. The benefit does not carry or trickle down to the lower classes, which leaves those who are not apart of the upper class at a disadvantage. The character Pearl, daughter of Hester Prynne can be considered a very animated and active. She is the product of the physical relationship between Arthur Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne. The child suffered the isolation and condemnation that had been handed to her mother for becoming a part of an adulterous affair. Pearl is a stark representative of what happens to persons born or placed into a lower stature in society. Regardless of how witty, bright or un-loving Pearl was as a child, the society within the Puritan community would never accept her because she was the embodiment of higher society deemed inappropriate for persons to participate in. In looking at Pearl in this way, it is not a stretch to say that she is the form of the content presented by the society at that time. Terry Eagleton states that â€Å"Marxist criticism sees form and content as dialectically related, and yet wants to assert in the end the primacy of content in determining form† (Eagleton 537). In other words, Pearl’s form is created by the content of her character, to take a phrase rom Dr. MLK, Jr. The circumstances in which she was conceived puts in her the essence of being one who is deeply enthralled with passion. Also, Pearl is one who is stubborn to a fault, just as her mother who refused to give up the name of her lover. Knowing these things about Pearl would allow one to cast judgment on her and never allow her to ascend to a higher station or class in life. It is this creation of her within the confines of the Dimmesdale and Prynne relationship that would keep her limited to a specific class and socio-economic status in life, had she decided o live within the small Boston neighborhood in which she grew up. Roger Chillingworth’s character illustrates a di fferent kind of class and form altogether. Chillingworth returns to town to find that his wife, Hester Prynne has not only been accused of adultery, but has a child as proof. Prynne never reveals her lover, pushing Chillingworth to a level of sinister evil that had not been presented within the novel. He never revealed his true identity to anyone but Hester Prynne. He acted as caregiver and doctor for Dimmesdale. It was also at this time that Chillingworth befriended Dimmesdale o find what was eating at his very soul. This type of deception is contemptible to say the least. However, from the Marxist point of view, the true character or form of Chillingworth is a valid indication of the content of his soul. Being a doctor represented being a person of an esteemed stature in society. It also gave him as a member of high society privileges that others in lower classes would never have. He took those privileges and misused them for his own selfish gain (which was to find Prynne’s lover). Chillingworth is the classic example of how the privileged iphon from others to achieve the goal ahead. Eagleton would define Chillingworth’s character as the following: â€Å". . . is not the first place a set of doctrines; it signifies the way men live out their roles in class-society, the values, ideas and images which tie them to their social functions and so prevent them from a true knowledge of society as a whole. † (Eagleton 534) In other words, it is Chillingworth’s class in society that does not allow him to show mercy to Prynne. His class also allows him to be cunning and crafty to find the real illness that afflicts Dimmesdale, use the guilt from the sin to rive Dimmesdale into a chasm of self hatred and loathing, while he simultaneously decays into the demonic fleshly figure that imposes hatred and merciless upon all who dare cross him. Yet, this ghastly figure was indeed Chillingworth’s true form and content. It is his functioning within the u pper class of society that not only gave Chillingworth his form, but also allowed him to participate in the actions leading to Dimmesdale’s without repentance. For Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, society’s position came with a price. He ended up denying his own flesh and blood in the body of Pearl, and he et the woman he loved (Hester Prynne) carry the weight of the sin they both committed. After the town branded Prynne and adulteress, Dimmesdale could not bring himself to admit to the public that it was he who shared the night of passion with Prynne which led to the conception of Pearl. His station or class in society would not allow for such a confession. Associated Content refers to Dimmesdale â€Å"As the ultimately religiously pious figure of the town and he is held in high regard. . . † (2). It is the status of being the reverend for the town along with his education â€Å" a young clergyman, who had come from one of the reat English universities, bringing all the learning of the age into our wild-forest land† (Hawthorne 62) that keeps Dimmesdale from initially admitting what had taken place between himself and Prynne. In comparison to Eagleton, Dimmesdale is the representation of the society and the superstructure that is in place (532). Regardless of how he may want to become a permanent part of Prynne’s life, the superstructure in place would never allow it to be so. It is this superstructure of society that Hester Prynne rebels against and causes her to live a life of isolation with her daughter , save her lients who come to her. Hester Prynne has been called an adulteress by many. Even within the religious community, Prynne is thought of at the least, wrong for her actions, including not revealing the father of her child. It is the content of her life that takes form in this novel. Prynne, strong-willed and determined, did not give in to the demands of the community which asked of her to give Pearl’s father’s name. Prynne refused to do so and in her refusal, lost her status within the community, never to have it returned to her. Relating her character to Marxist literary theory is relatively asy. Prynne is one of the few who would gladly give up his or her station or class in society to the protection of one if not al l. Prynne would not be accepted within the upper class of Boston at this time for she did not conform to the way t he higher classes, both religious and social, decided that life should be conducted. Dr. G. B. Loring declared that â€Å"It would be hard to conceive of a greater outrage upon the freezing and self-denying doctrines of that day, than the sine for which Hester Prynne was damned by and for which Arthur Dimmesdale damned himself† (1). Prynne’s refusal to become part of the culture that denied itself for form and fashion is what pushed her to the outskirts of society. However, even with the refusal to bend in tow, Prynne went on to live a productive life and see her daughter become a elegant young lady. Evaluating The Scarlet Letter from the Marxist point of view is interesting to say the least. Yet, the Marxist point of view gives the reader a broader look at the characters and society as a whole. Through Marxism, it is not just the sin that is looked at, but the condition of the heart, the station and class of man, along with his content and form that makes up society then and now. How to cite The Scarlet Marxist, Papers

International Journal Logistics Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Journal Logistics Management? Answer: Introduction This report presents the description of the beef product which is provided by JBS Company in Australia. It also defines the supply chain of Beef Brand of the company. Further, it evaluates the supply chain by using SWOT analysis. In the last, it recommended the strategy to improve the supply chain of the company. JBS Australia is leading beef and lamb processor in the nation. It is a largest multi-species producer, exporter, and marketing in Australia. It delivers a wide range of brand to different retail, wholesale, and foodservice industry. These beef products are Riverina Angus, King Island Beef, Thousand Guineas, Acres Organic, Beef City Black, Aberdeen Black, Great Southern, Royal, and Grassfed Beef. It has daily processing ability of approximately 8,000 cattle and 21,000 small stocks (JBS, 2017). Description of the supply chain mapping the existing supply chain Diagram 1: Supply chain of Beef production (Sources: PWC, 2011). Cow-Calf Operators Beef supply of JBS Australia is started with the cow-calf operators. These operators are mainly farmers who keep different kinds of cows to produce calves to trade. Moreover, the gestation period of mother cow is less than 9 months. To increase the weight of 400-500 lbs, a newborn calf takes approximately 12 months. Before selling it to feeders, company waits for increasing the weight of newborn calf because, they can get a high amount of money by selling the calves in feeder cattle industry in Australia (Garca-Flores, et. al., 2014). Feed Lots / Backgrounders JBS Company purchases the 400-500 lb weight of calves. After that, these calves harvest weight approximately 1,200 1,400 lbs by feeding. In this way, feedlot operator uses grain to feed. Furthermore, backgrounders keep the animals on grass for feeding. These feeders earn high amount by selling the animals such as fed cattle by packing plant for harvest. In addition to this, the future rate for both feeder cattle and fed cattle is sold as a commodity in the Australian stock exchange (Higgins, et. al., 2015). Packing Plants JBS Company buys fed cattle at harvest weight like 18-24 month to harvest them for production of beef. The largest packing plants in the nation are operated by JBS, national beef, Tyson, and Cargill. These companies deal in the different nation for selling the beef products. After selling the beef, it has harvested by further processor and distributors because they transport their finished goods in the market to the end users like retail stores and foodservice operators (Jie, and Parton, 2016). Stakeholders of JBS Australia Service providers The service provider is one of the key stakeholders of the JBS Company because it facilitates the technical support and advice. They also assist in buying the stocks and offer marketing advice and also provide the support to build the strategic direction for agribusinesses (Juan Ding, et. al., 2014). Cattle Producer Cattle producer is another key stakeholder because it provides the cattle to sell it into the market. These stakeholders can be families and another supplier who struggle to increase size and scale of production. Feedlots The occurrence of feedlots in Australia is effective for JBS Company because it provides future growth by increasing demand for grain fed beef. Hence, it is identified that JBS Company is mainly focused on the Feedlots rather than the cattle producers (Maia de Souza, et. al., 2017). Processors The processor is last essential stakeholders of JBS Company who makes rationalize decision regarding the market. Moreover, beef processing has largely occurred in Queensland that processes approximately 45% of Australias red meat because Queensland is nearest to cattle supply (Uddin, et. al., 2017). Recommendations From the above analysis, it can be recommended that JBS Company should make an alteration in production driven supply chain and market-driven supply chain to get success. It should also build a closer relationship between upstream and downstream partner to attain greater commitment and communication. Moreover, it should build a transparent and interdependent relationship as well as integrate the business activities and improves the flow of communication and knowledge to make effective supply chain. It should also make effective compliance with the carcass specifications in their supply chain hence company can get success in Australian meat industry (Jie, and Parton, 2016). In addition to this, JBS Company should adopt the lean supply chain in which it should make a high degree of negotiation with supply chain participants. It can also be suggested that producers can enhance the negotiation power and profitability by using a horizontal structure with breeders, feedlots, and backgrounders. JBS Company should also build the strategic association with processors because it will help to make effective supply consistency. It should also make an agreement with the carcass specifications. These agreements should make between domestic and export markets for effective supply chain (Maia de Souza, et. al., 2017). Along with this, JBS Company can deliver the added value to their beef by differentiating their products from the supermarket and can also produce beef for niche markets. Further, the coordination strategies can be built by using different kinds of the supply chain in Australian meat industry. In this way, it can be suggested that mainstream supply chain can lead by the supermarket retailers. It can also direct the marketer supply chain to supply directly to the consumers and niche markets. It can intermediate the supply chain for local products to reach the consumers by one or more intermediaries like independent butchers, supermarket retailers, and food cooperatives (Uddin, et. al., 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded that there JBS Australia delivers different beef products in all over the Australia. Further, it can be evaluated that it uses effective supply chain for producing the beef products. It can be summarized that it has different stakeholders such as cattle producers, feedlots, and producers, service providers. It can be also concluded that company minimize their threats and weakness by using their strength and opportunity in the Australian meat industry. Moreover, there are different strategies to improve the supply chain of the company References Garca-Flores, R., Higgins, A., Prestwidge, D., and McFallan, S. (2014) Optimal location of spelling yards for the northern Australian beef supply chain management.Computers and electronics in agriculture,102, pp. 134-145. Higgins, A., McFallan, S., Laredo, L., Prestwidge, D., and Stone, P. (2015) TRANSITA model for simulating infrastructure and policy interventions in agriculture logistics: Application to the northern Australia beef industry.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,114, pp. 32-42. JBS (2017) Our Products. [Online]. Available at: https://www.jbssa.com.au/OurProducts/default.aspx (Accessed: 19 September 2017). Jie, F., and Parton, K. (2016) Supply chain performance flexibility in the Australian beef industry.International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications,19(4), pp. 300-317. Juan Ding, M., Jie, F., A. Parton, K., and J. Matanda, M. (2014) Relationships between quality of information sharing and supply chain food quality in the Australian beef processing industry.The International Journal of Logistics Management,25(1), pp. 85-108. Maia de Souza, D., Petre, R., Jackson, F., Hadarits, M., Pogue, S., Carlyle, C. N., and McAllister, T. (2017) A Review of Sustainability Enhancements in the Beef Value Chain: State-of-the-Art and Recommendations for Future Improvements.Animals,7(3), p. 26. PWC (2011) The Australian Beef Industry. [Online]. Available at: https://www.pwc.com.au/industry/agribusiness/assets/australian-beef-industry-nov11.pdf (Accessed: 19 September 2017). Uddin, M. N., Quaddus, M., and Islam, N. (2017) Inter-organizational Supply Chain Performance: How the Relationship Factors Influence the Australian Beef Industry?. InThe Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientations in a Dynamic Business World(pp. 458-464). Germany: Springer, Cham.